How to Calculate CGPA (and Convert It to Percentage)
Understand how CGPA is calculated from your semester SGPAs and credits, and how to convert a CGPA to a percentage using your university's formula.
By the ToolsHub team · Updated August 21, 2026
CGPA (Cumulative Grade Point Average) is the single number that sums up your academic performance across every semester. The catch: it isn't a simple average of your scores, and converting it to a percentage depends on your university.
How CGPA is calculated
CGPA is credit-weighted. You multiply each semester's SGPA by that semester's credits, add them all up, and divide by the total credits. So a strong result in a heavy, high-credit semester lifts your CGPA more than the same result in a light one.
- Don't know a semester's SGPA yet? Work it out first with the SGPA Calculator.
- Then combine every semester's SGPA and credits in the CGPA Calculator for your overall CGPA.
A worked example
Three semesters: 8.5 SGPA over 24 credits, 9.0 over 22, and 7.8 over 26. Multiply and add (204 + 198 + 202.8 = 604.8), then divide by the 72 total credits — your CGPA is 8.4. A plain average of 8.5, 9.0 and 7.8 gives 8.43, which is slightly off, because the lowest semester also carried the most credits.
Converting CGPA to a percentage
Applications and jobs often ask for a percentage. The formula varies by university: CBSE uses CGPA × 9.5, while VTU, GTU and Mumbai University each use their own. The CGPA to Percentage Calculator lets you pick yours (or enter a custom multiplier) and shows the exact figure. For a percentage straight from marks instead, use the Marks Percentage Calculator.
Frequently asked questions
- How is CGPA calculated?
- CGPA is the credit-weighted average of your semester grade points: sum of (each semester's SGPA × its credits), divided by the total credits. A heavier semester counts for more, so it isn't a plain average.
- How do I convert CGPA to percentage?
- Apply your university's formula. CBSE uses percentage = CGPA × 9.5, so a 9.2 CGPA is 87.4%. Other universities (VTU, GTU, Mumbai) use their own — the CGPA to Percentage Calculator includes them.
- What's the difference between CGPA and SGPA?
- SGPA is the grade point average for a single semester; CGPA is the cumulative, credit-weighted average across all your semesters so far.
- Is CGPA × 9.5 correct for every university?
- No. It's CBSE's official rule and a common convention, but VTU, GTU, Mumbai and others differ. Always confirm your university's exact method.